https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/4671 2026-08-12T15:00:03Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9379 Title: Entre subalternidade e epistemologia: a emergência de um feminismo decolonial brasileiro Author: Bittencourt, Glaucia da Silva First advisor: Costa, Joice Beatriz da Abstract: This study proposes a reflection on the mechanisms of power that shape feminist epistemology and investigates paths toward a decolonial theory that not only recognizes but amplifies the voices of subalternized and colonized women. By delving into Latin American counter-hegemonic feminist currents, we outline a trajectory that destabilizes imposed Western paradigms and claims situated knowledges. As we venture into Brazilian feminist theories, we find in Lélia Gonzalez's concept of 'amefricanidade' a fertile perspective for understanding the roots and crossroads of identities that emerge from diaspora, erasure, and resistance. Our theoretical framework was constructed from a broad survey of information, concepts, and critical perspectives originating from the Global South. The methodology adopted consisted of organizing the dissertation into chapters and subheadings, which allowed for a systematic and detailed presentation of the subject under analysis. In the first chapter, we developed a critical analysis of the relationships between colonialism, gender, and knowledge production. In the second chapter, we critically analyzed the constitution of modern thought and its epistemological, political, and social unfoldings, with special attention to the contributions of decolonial and feminist perspectives in the Global South. Finally, in the third and last chapter, we deepened the analysis of Lélia Gonzalez's thought, consolidating it as a central theoretical axis for the construction of a decolonial feminist epistemology situated in the Brazilian and Latin American context. Although the chosen debate is already well established in academic circles, we seek to go beyond traditional formulations, entering more incisively into the epistemologies of subalternized subjects, especially Brazilian women.The results obtained proved to be of great relevance for understanding the current situation of Brazilian feminist philosophy, which has been continuously deepened by the national intellectual community and disseminated in multiple spaces of political and cultural mobilization, especially among Black, peripheral, quilombola, and Indigenous women. We conclude that the struggle for rights and emancipation cannot be conceived in an individualized and fragmented manner, but must be carried out through collective practices of resistance, in which women themselves assert themselves as protagonists of their history and of their knowledge production. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Dissertação 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9301 Title: A justiça igualitária e a questão distributiva a partir do princípio de diferença nas obras de Rawls Author: Castanho, Francisco Miorando First advisor: Roani, Alcione Roberto Abstract: This paper aims to investigate, through bibliographic research in Rawls's main works such as A Theory of Justice, iberalism Political Liberalism, Justice as Fairness, and Distributive Justice: Some Addenda, the Rawlsian egalitarian conception, especially regarding the difference principle and the distributive consequences of this principle of justice concerning democratic equality. Initially, a reconstruction of the main moments of Rawlsian neo- contractualism will be carried out, namely, the development of proceduralism and the concepts of the original position, the veil of ignorance, and reflective equilibrium. This path is fundamental to understanding how Rawls arrives at the recognized egalitarian and distributive principle, the difference principle. Following this, the work focuses on analyzing some challenges faced by the difference principle. These challenges stem from the choice of the contracting agents, that is, the way in which the parties choose the principles seeking to guarantee a situation of satisfaction under the “maximin” rule. Furthermore, this work will also analyze the issue of citizens' reciprocity and the problem of motivating citizens considered more fortunate. Thirdly, it will examine issues related to ideal theory in the face of current democratic scenarios. Next, it will analyze the concept of property-owning citizens as an effective proposal for satisfying the principles of justice. Finally, through this work, it becomes evident that Rawlsian theory seeks to prevent political and economic freedom from working against democratic equality. That is, in Rawls, there is a concern that an egalitarian distribution sustains a project of democratic equality. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Dissertação 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9289 Title: A resposta de Bergson à noção de identidade pessoal em Hume Author: Pelizza, Pablo Antonio First advisor: Zimmermann, Flávio Miguel de Oliveira Abstract: This dissertation investigates the problem of personal identity through a comparative dialogue between David Hume and Henri Bergson. The central aim is to demonstrate how Bergsonian philosophy offers a response and a new approach to the difficulties Hume encountered in his treatment of the self. It is argued that Hume’s empiricism, based on the observation of naturally interrupted perceptions, reveals the limits of purely intellectual investigation, which ultimately reduces identity to a fiction of the imagination designed to conceal the variation of atomized states. Conversely, it is argued that the deeper understanding proposed by Bergson lies in overcoming this fragmentation and in grasping the dynamics of personality in its intrinsic relationship with duration. The research demonstrates that this Bergsonian response is articulated along two fundamental axes: the “decisive turn” which invites thought to reverse its usual course in order to seek experience at its source; and the “education of the senses” which clarifies perceptual fragmentation as a practical requirement of the body and not as a characteristic of consciousness itself. It is concluded that, by responding to perceptual discontinuity with the “education of the senses” and proposing a “decisive turn” in the mode of investigation, Bergsonian philosophy allows the subject to transcend symbolic representations in order to rediscover their most intimate nature through an effort of inversion that rescues the immediate continuity of inner life.; Cette thèse explore le problème de l’identité personnelle à travers un dialogue comparatif entre David Hume et Henri Bergson. L’objectif principal est de montrer comment la philosophie bergsonienne apporte une réponse et une nouvelle approche face aux difficultés rencontrées par Hume dans son analyse du moi. Il est avancé que l’empirisme de Hume, en se fondant sur l’observation de perceptions naturellement interrompues, révèle les limites de la recherche purement intellectuelle, qui finit par réduire l’identité à une fiction de l’imagination destinée à masquer la variation des états atomisés. En revanche, on soutient que l’approfondissement proposé par Bergson réside dans le dépassement de cette fragmentation et dans la compréhension de la dynamique de la personnalité dans sa relation intrinsèque avec la durée. La recherche démontre que cette réponse bergsonienne s’articule autour de deux axes fondamentaux: le “tournant décisif”, qui invite la pensée à inverser son cours habituel pour rechercher l’expérience à sa source; et “l’éducation des sens”, qui clarifie la fragmentation perceptive comme une exigence pratique du corps et non comme une caractéristique de la conscience en soi. En conclusion, en répondant à la discontinuité perceptive par “l’éducation des sens” et en proposant un “tournant décisif” dans la manière d’enquêter, la philosophie bergsonienne permet au sujet de transcender les représentations symboliques pour retrouver sa nature la plus intime grâce à un effort d’inversion qui rétablit la continuité immédiate de la vie intérieure. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Dissertação 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9281 Title: A modernidade líquida de Bauman e os sentidos da emancipação Author: Zancanaro, Milena Paula Durante First advisor: Brondani, Clóvis Abstract: La investigación analiza el concepto de emancipación en el contexto de la modernidad líquida de Zygmunt Bauman. Se contextualiza mediante el análisis de las aceleradas transformaciones socioculturales que marcaron la vida del sujeto moderno, identificando las formas en que la relación entre instantaneidad y liquidez descrita por Bauman configuró un nuevo patrón de vida en la sociedad líquida-moderna y, ante esta nueva racionalidad, cuál sería el papel de la emancipación del sujeto. Para responder a la pregunta, abordaremos los conceptos de «sólido» y «líquido», con el objetivo de demostrar cómo se produjo el paso de un modelo basado en estructuras estables a otro caracterizado por la fluidez y la inexistencia de esferas duraderas; investigaremos el paradigma de la instantaneidad y su impacto en la vida y la subjetividad del individuo; y, por último, exploraremos el papel y la posibilidad de la emancipación en este escenario líquido-moderno. Metodológicamente, la investigación adopta una revisión bibliográfica y cualitativa, centrada en la obra Modernidad líquida (2001), de Zygmunt Bauman. Se considera, por lo tanto, que la emancipación en la modernidad líquida no es una solución definitiva, sino un proceso de toma de conciencia, que comprende su espacio y se convierte en protagonista de su propia vida.; This study examines the concept of emancipation within the framework of Zygmunt Bauman’s ‘Liquid Modernity’. It is contextualised through an analysis of the rapid socio-cultural transformations that have shaped the life of the modern individual, identifying the ways in which the relationship between immediacy and fluidity described by Bauman has shaped a new way of life in liquid-modern society and, in the face of this new rationality, what the role of the individual’s emancipation might be. To answer this question, we will examine the concepts of ‘solid’ and ‘liquid’, aiming to demonstrate how the transition occurred from a model grounded in stable structures to another characterised by fluidity and the absence of enduring spheres; we will investigate the paradigm of instantaneity and its impact on the life and subjectivity of the individual; and, finally, we will explore the role and possibility of emancipation within this liquid-modern scenario. Methodologically, the research adopts a qualitative literature review, centred on Zygmunt Bauman’s work Liquid Modernity (2001). It is therefore considered that emancipation in liquid modernity is not a final solution, but rather a process of becoming aware, understanding one’s place and taking control of one’s own life. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Dissertação 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z