https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/55 2026-08-31T05:51:21Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9512 Title: Fungicidas de diferentes grupos químicos no controle de manchas foliares em trigo Author: Pertile, Thiago First advisor: Milanesi, Paola Mendes Abstract: Chemical control is one of the main strategies for managing leaf spot diseases in wheat; however, fungicide efficacy may vary according to the products used. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of systemic fungicides from different chemical groups in the control of leaf spot diseases in wheat. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with nine treatments and five replications using the wheat cultivar TBIO Ponteiro. A fungicide spray program and sequential applications of fungicides with different active ingredients were evaluated during the 2025 growing season. The treatments consisted of an untreated control (T1); a spray program including the 1st application of azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr and azoxystrobin + cyproconazole, the 2nd application of tetraconazole + azoxystrobin, the 3rd application of tebuconazole + chlorothalonil, and the 4th application of bixafen + prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin (T2); pydiflumetofen + prothioconazole, followed by azoxystrobin + cyproconazole (T3); bixafen + prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin (T4); trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole (T5); fenpropimorph + mefentrifluconazole (T6); tetraconazole + azoxystrobin (T7); azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (T8); and picoxystrobin + cyproconazole (T9). Disease severity was assessed using the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), and leaf spot control (%) was also evaluated. At harvest, hectoliter weight, thousand-kernel weight, and grain yield were determined. The spray program showed the best performance, with an AUDPC of 152.60, 89.24% disease control, and a grain yield of 4,005.32 kg ha⁻¹. Among the fungicides evaluated under sequential application, fenpropimorph + mefentrifluconazole provided more than 88% disease control. It was concluded that spray programs based on the rotation of active ingredients and modes of action highlight the importance of diversifying modes of action to broaden the spectrum of leaf spot control and preserve the productive potential of wheat. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9511 Title: Interação entre a exclusão de micronutrientes, aplicação de silicato de potássio no desenvolvimento e qualidade da cultura do morango Author: Pasini, Eduarda Elisa First advisor: Piazzetta, Hugo Von Linsingen Abstract: Strawberry stands out in the global market for its remarkable sensory characteristics, such as intense red coloration, pleasant aroma, and sweet flavor with slight acidity. Proper fertilization management is essential to ensure plant development, productivity, and fruit quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the micronutrients manganese, iron, and boron applied via fertigation, as well as potassium silicate, on the morphological, physiological, productive, and qualitative aspects of strawberry cultivation. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Erechim campus of the Federal University of Fronteira Sul, using the cultivar 'San Andreas'. The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks, with eight replications, in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, totaling 32 experimental units. Each unit consisted of one slab containing two strawberry seedlings, resulting in a total of 64 plants. The treatments consisted of micronutrient exclusion, with the following levels: (1) complete fertigation solution; (2) fertigation solution without boron; (3) fertigation solution without manganese; and (4) fertigation solution without iron. For the potassium silicate application factor via fertigation, two levels were considered: with and without product application. The variables evaluated included growth (plant height), production (number of fruits, number of flowers, yield, and fruit weight), and fruit quality (soluble solids content, °Brix). The results showed that the exclusion of boron, manganese, and iron did not promote statistically significant changes in most of the variables evaluated. Potassium silicate application provided a significant increase in the number of fruits per plant, in addition to showing a trend of increased yield and fruit set, especially in treatments subjected to iron omission. Physiological variables related to gas exchange, chlorophyll content, and water use efficiency remained stable among treatments, evidencing that nutrient omissions and silicate application did not compromise the physiological functioning of strawberry plants under the evaluated conditions. Furthermore, the cultivar 'San Andreas' demonstrated high homeostatic resilience, maintaining its basal physiological parameters even under temporary micronutrient omission, which reinforces its robustness and adaptive capacity. This behavior, combined with the increment provided by potassium silicate, highlights the potential of this input as a complementary tool in the nutritional management of strawberry crops. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9509 Title: Indução da fitoalexina faseolina em variedades crioulas de feijoeiro submetidos a eliciadores à base de aloe vera e ascophyllum nodosum Author: Givacheski, Amanda First advisor: Deboni, Tarita Cira Abstract: The use of biotic elicitors has gained prominence in disease management due to their ability to stimulate the natural defense mechanisms of plants. This study evaluated the potential of aloe vera (Aloe vera) extracts, seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum), and plant-derived compounds in inducing the phytoalexin phaseolin in creole bean seeds collected from different regions of Brazil, belonging to the Carioca, Preto, Mulatinho, Roxo, and Azuki groups. The experiment was conducted at UFFS, Erechim Campus, in March 2026, under a completely randomized design, using ten varieties subjected to eight treatments, including fermented aloe extract (FPE), Amino Sea Boost (ASB), aqueous aloe extract (EAB), aloin, and their combinations. In the germination test, the Paranasinho, Azuki, and Carioca cultivars showed the highest indices. A significant interaction was observed between genotype and elicitor. The combination FPE + ASB stood out in the Carioca-branco cultivar from Salvador/BA, whereas isolated FPE and ASB treatments were more effective in the same cultivar originating from Erechim/RS. The Carioca-vermelho bean from Encruzilhada do Sul/RS showed a significant response compared to the control when subjected to the FPE + saponin treatment. The Azuki bean exhibited lower responsiveness to the treatments. The results demonstrate a dependence between variety and inducer, indicating that processed formulations present greater stability and potential in inducing plant defense mechanisms in bean seeds. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9507 Title: Milho extrusado na dieta de galinhas poedeiras em fase inicial Author: Cavalcante, Ian Costa First advisor: Berenchtein, Bernardo Abstract: Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the main grains used in animal feed; however, its ground form may present low digestibility in diets for young birds due to the complexity of starch. One possible processing method to improve these indices is extrusion. The extrusion process promotes starch gelatinization, increasing nutrient availability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing ground corn with extruded corn (Gelmix®) in the diet of initial-phase laying hens, from 4 to 11 weeks of age, on productive performance and economic viability. The experiment lasted 52 days and involved 36 birds distributed in 12 cages (3 birds per cage), in a completely randomized design with two treatments: ground corn (control) and extruded corn (Gelmix®). Weight gain, feed intake, costs and flock uniformity were evaluated. The results indicated that extruded corn did not impair performance, with similar final weight averages between groups (control: 1.20 kg; Gelmix®: 1.15 kg), although the treated group showed greater uniformity. It was concluded that extruded corn is a technically viable alternative for feeding initial-phase laying hens. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z