https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/59 2026-08-18T06:25:56Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9452 Título: Uso popular de plantas medicinais em um município do norte gaúcho Autor(es): FRACARO, Amanda Primeiro Orientador: Detoni, Priscila Pavan Abstract/Resumen: The use of medicinal plants is a common therapeutic practice in Brazil, often preferred or complementary to traditional pharmacological therapies due to the high price of medications, the generational culture of plant use, and the low risk of adverse effects. Objective: To describe the popular use of medicinal plants in the municipality of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: Qualitative, exploratory-descriptive research, using semi-structured interviews and a sociodemographic questionnaire, with participants selected by convenience and consent. The content of the interviews was recorded, transcribed on a digital platform, and analyzed using Bardin's Content Analysis. Results: A total of seven participants were interviewed, all female, aged between 49 and 76 years, who use medicinal plants. All of them use teas and share plants and knowledge with family and community members, and most participants obtain the plants through their own cultivation. Regarding the use of medicinal plants and herbal remedies in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), participants stated that professional training, public awareness, and investment in projects are necessary. Conclusions: Participants emphasized the importance of a health practice that considers the popular use of medicinal plants, through the training of health professionals and public awareness of these complementary integrative practices, which do not replace traditional health treatments but enhance forms of care and community belonging within the territory. Keywords: Primary Health Instituição: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Tipo: Monografia 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9451 Título: Neoplasia maligna de tireoide no Brasil: análise temporal e sociodemográfica segundo as regiões brasileiras de 2014 a 2024 Autor(es): Ferreira, Ana Clara Ezequiel Soares Primeiro Orientador: Silva, Shana Ginar da Abstract/Resumen: INTRODUCTION: Thyroid cancer is the endocrine malignancy with the highest incidence rate in Brazil and is more common among women aged 30 to 65 years. OBJECTIVE: To analyze temporal trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality rates over an 11-year period and to describe the epidemiological characteristics of cases across Brazil’s five geographic regions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This ecological study used data from DataSUS (2014–2024). Cases of malignant thyroid neoplasms were obtained from the Hospital Information System, totaling 53,632 cases. Mortality data were extracted from the Mortality Information System, comprising 9,358 deaths. Population data were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Variables analyzed included sex, age group, region of diagnosis, diagnosis, and detailed diagnosis for incidence analyses, with skin color and educational level additionally evaluated for mortality analyses. Prais–Winsten regression was used to assess temporal trends. RESULTS: A total of 53,632 cases of malignant thyroid neoplasms and 9,358 related deaths were recorded in Brazil during the study period. The national mean incidence rate was 3.84 per 100,000 inhabitants, showing an increasing trend (APC = 53.2%; p = 0.006), observed in all regions. The highest incidence rate was found in the Northeast (4.36/100,000), while the lowest was observed in the South (1.38/100,000). Females presented the highest incidence rates (6.21/100,000), with a peak in the Northeast (7.68/100,000). The most affected age groups were 50–59 years (8.00/100,000) and 60–69 years (8.66/100,000). The mean national mortality rate was 0.435 per 100,000 inhabitants, with a slight increase over time (APC = 2.4%; p < 0.001), being higher among women (0.564/100,000) than men (0.325/100,000). Mortality remained stable in the North and Central-West regions and increased in the remaining regions. Individuals from all skin-color categories showed increased mortality rates. A marked increase in incidence accompanied by stable or declining mortality suggests a potential impact of overdiagnosis. CONCLUSION: Thyroid cancer incidence increased substantially in Brazil, particularly among women and in the Northeast region. Mortality remained stable or declined, suggesting the influence of overdiagnosis and improvements in diagnostic practices.. Instituição: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Tipo: Monografia 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9446 Título: Alterações em receptores serotoninérgicos em pacientes com esquizofrenia: uma revisão sistemática Autor(es): Carniel, Álvaro Guimarães Primeiro Orientador: França, Thiago Fonseca Alves Instituição: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Tipo: Monografia 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9349 Título: Obesidade materna e relação com o comprimento relativos dos telômeros materno e neonatal Autor(es): Vicensi, Letícia Primeiro Orientador: Polettini, Jossimara Abstract/Resumen: Objective: To analyze the relationship between the relative telomere length of maternal and newborn cells and the pregestational Body Mass Index (BMI) of puerperal women, as well as weight gain during pregnancy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with data collected from June 2024 to June 2025 from puerperal women and newborns attended at the Hospital Regional do Oeste de Santa Catarina (HRO), in Chapecó, Santa Catarina. The study included women who had full-term, singleton births. Newborns with congenital or syndromic anomalies, and puerperal women who experienced miscarriage or stillbirth, whose babies died, required admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) within the first hours of life, or presented neonatal complications such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, were excluded. Puerperal women with cognitive impairments preventing them from answering the questionnaire were also excluded, as well as cases with inadequate samples for analysis or incomplete information on weight and height. Data collection included interviews and sampling of maternal and neonatal oral mucosal cells for analysis of relative telomere length using qPCR (T/S ratio). Maternal and neonatal relative telomere lengths were considered dependent variables, while pregestational BMI and gestational weight gain were considered independent variables. Data were entered in EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using PSPP through descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, with a significance level of p<0.05. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP) of the Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), under protocol number 6,825,369. Results: A total of 62 mother–newborn pairs were included in the study. Most puerperal women were between 21 and 35 years old (85.6%), had completed or incomplete high school education (56.5%), lived with a partner (87.1%), and had paid employment (59.7%). Before pregnancy, 56.5% were overweight or obese, 69.4% were non-drinkers, and 82.3% were non-smokers. Most (83.9%) had inadequate weight gain during pregnancy. The majority of newborns were male (51.9%) and had a birth weight between 3,001 and 4,000 g (64.5%). It was observed that 61.3% of puerperal women with overweight/obesity had T/S values below the median (p = 0.074), and similarly, 57.1% of newborns from mothers with prepregnancy overweight/obesity had T/S ratios below the median (p = 0.266). Among women with inadequate weight gain, 52.5% of newborns showed T/S ratios below the median (p = 0.243). However, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups. Conclusions: A trend toward reduced maternal and neonatal relative telomere length was observed in relation to the analyzed variables; however, this difference was not statistically significant, indicating the need for studies with larger sample sizes and control of potential confounding factors to better elucidate this relationship. Instituição: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Tipo: Monografia 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z