https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/59 2026-08-30T09:49:27Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9508 Title: Prevalência e fatores associados à prematuridade em usuárias do sistema único de saúde Author: Schläger, Kelly de Almeida First advisor: Silva, Shana Ginar da Abstract: Objective: To determine the prevalence of preterm birth and identify associated factors in users of Primary Health Care. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2022 and December 2024 with women ≥12 years old and children up to 24 months old, followed up at five Basic Health Units in Passo Fundo, RS. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. The outcome was self-reported preterm birth. The exposures analyzed were sociodemographic, behavioral, maternal clinical, and prenatal-related variables. Descriptive and bivariate analyses (chi-square test, p<0.05) and Poisson regression with crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were performed. Results: 367 postpartum women participated, predominantly aged 20 to 34 years, with a significant presence of comorbidities, low levels of physical activity, and adequate prenatal care coverage. The prevalence of prematurity was 12.3% (95% CI: 9.1–16.1). In the adjusted analysis, the following were associated with the outcome: lower education (≥10 years as a protective factor; PR=0.47; 95% CI: 0.27–0.83), higher income (intermediate tertile PR=2.28; 95% CI: 1.04–5.04; upper tertile PR=3.33; 95% CI: 1.51–7.34), <6 prenatal visits (PR=2.84; 95% CI: 1.34–6.07), ≥2 pre-gestational comorbidities (PR=2.51; 95% CI: 1.31–4.80), pre-eclampsia (PR=3.46; 95% CI: 1.32–9.07) and excessive gestational weight gain (PR=0.45; 95% CI: 0.22–0.94). Conclusion: Prematurity was of significant magnitude and was mainly associated with clinical factors and inadequate prenatal care, reinforcing the need to improve care in Primary Health Care in order to prevent prematurity and its resulting complications. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9501 Title: Perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos notificados de varicela no Brasil no período de 2010 a 2019 Author: Silveira, Nicolas Raphael da Luz First advisor: Mocelin, Ricieri Naue Abstract: Chickenpox is an infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus, primarily affecting children. Due to its high transmission rate and the acquisition of immunity following primary infection, the disease has a lower incidence among adults, who manifest it as part of the childhood cutaneous exanthematous syndromes. The present study is an ecological, descriptive investigation aimed at identifying the clinical and epidemiological profile of reported cases of chickenpox in Brazil between 2010 and 2019. The study population comprised all cases of chickenpox reported to the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) throughout the Brazilian territory during the second decade of the 21st century. The variables analysed included age group, educational level, sex, clinical outcome, and diagnostic criteria, obtained from secondary data provided by the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS), based on SINAN records. A total of 1,060,045 reported cases were evaluated, resulting in an average incidence of 53.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants during the study period. The most prevalent age group was children aged 1 to 4 years; educational level was classified as “not applicable” in 61.6% of cases, and the majority of cases were reported among males. More than 60% of reported cases progressed to recovery, and over 63% were diagnosed solely on clinical-epidemiological criteria. The findings enabled identification of the clinical profile of reported cases based on the analysed variables, determination that the average incidence was lower than that reported in the literature, and verification that the incidence has decreased over the years. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9500 Title: Estudo de genes de virulência do Helicobacter Pylori em mucosa oral e biópsia gástrica de pacientes submetidos à endoscopia digestiva alta Author: Menegaz, Stéfany Ingrid First advisor: Polettini, Jossimara Abstract: Objective: To describe the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients infected with Helicobacter pylori, as well as to analyze the presence of the bacterial virulence gene cagA in gastric biopsy and oral cavity samples from patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE), and to assess the level of agreement between these anatomical sites. Methods: This cross-sectional study included adult individuals (≥18 years), of both sexes, who completed an epidemiological and symptom-based questionnaire containing sociodemographic, clinical, and housing-related variables. Oral cavity samples were collected, and gastric biopsies were obtained during UGE. Detection of H. pylori DNA in oral samples was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR, as well as for the detection of the cagA gene. In gastric biopsies, the bacterium was identified by histopathological examination. Statistical analysis consisted of frequency distribution of descriptive variables, calculation of the prevalence of cagA positivity, and assessment of agreement between anatomical sites, adopting a 95% confidence interval. Results: A total of 74 individuals who tested positive for H. pylori in at least one of the analyzed sites were included, of whom 10 tested positive in both sites. There was a predominance of females (69.9%), individuals older than 60 years (42%), households with three or more residents (52.8%), urban residents (90.4%), and a previous history of UGE (71.2%). The prevalence of the cagA gene was 6.81% in oral samples and 20.0% in gastric samples. The agreement analysis for cagA detection in oral cavity samples and gastric biopsies demonstrated weak agreement between the evaluated sites, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.13. Conclusion: Patients infected with Helicobacter pylori were predominantly women and individuals older than 60 years. The virulence gene cagA was detected in both the oral cavity and gastric mucosa, with a higher prevalence in the latter site. The weak agreement observed between the evaluated anatomical sites suggests low correspondence in the detection of the cagA gene between the oral cavity and the stomach, indicating that the presence of this marker in one site does not necessarily reflect its presence in the other. However, the low frequency of cagA-positive samples represents a limitation of the study and highlights the need for further investigations with a larger number of cases to confirm these findings. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/9499 Title: Determinação de desfechos e vias moleculares e celulares associadas à senescência induzida por fumaça de cigarro em células amnióticas Author: Pierdoná, Vinícius First advisor: Polettini, Jossimara Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z