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Apneia obstrutiva do sono e hipertensão arterial sistêmica

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Apneia obstrutiva do sono e hipertensão arterial sistêmica Author: DENARDI, Juliano First advisor: Simon, Tiago Teixeira Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airways during sleep. It represents an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, especially systemic arterial hypertension, although it often remains underdiagnosed in clinical practice.The objective of this study is to describe the relationship between the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in patients undergoing polysomnography and the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension. The study will be quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical. It will be conducted at Clínica do Pulmão, located in Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil, from December 2025 to June 2026, after approval by the Research Ethics Committee. Data will be obtained from the sleep questionnaire and the results of the polysomnography performed at this location. Patients over 30 years of age who have undergone polysomnography and completed the sleep questionnaire will be included. The individuals enrolled in the study will be divided into two groups: one including patients with mild and moderate forms of obstructive sleep apnea, and another with the severe form. As a result, it is expected that individuals with severe obstructive sleep apnea will show a higher prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension and a more frequent use of combinations of antihypertensive medications from different classes compared with those with mild and moderate forms of the disorder. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia

Análise da gravidade dos traumatismos cranioencefálicos em pacientes atendidos em um hospital terciário

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Análise da gravidade dos traumatismos cranioencefálicos em pacientes atendidos em um hospital terciário Author: Levandoski, Ygor First advisor: Lindemann, Ivana Loraine Abstract: Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a lesion caused by external forces, such as impacts, falls, or collisions, which affect the brain and cranial structures. Its severity can be mild, moderate, or severe, and classification is generally based on clinical signs and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). An in-depth study of this topic is urgent due to the high morbidity and mortality rates of patients affected by this condition in Brazil, primarily involving young, economically active adults. This makes the problem not only a public health issue but also a factor that impacts the country's socioeconomic development. Objective: To outline the clinical-epidemiological profile and analyze the outcomes associated with the neurological severity of patients with TBI, as determined by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at admission, in a referral hospital in northern Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that included patients admitted for TBI at the Hospital de Clínicas de Passo Fundo in 2024. Data were collected from electronic medical records, and the statistical analysis consisted of characterizing the sample and verifying the relationship between variables using Fisher's Exact Test (α=0.05), in addition to calculating the Years of Life Lost (YLL) for deaths. Results: In the sample of 103 patients, there was a predominance of males (64.4%), individuals under 60 years of age (80.8%), and economically active individuals (60.6%). Falls were the main mechanism of injury (56.3%), followed by traffic accidents (22.3%). Mild TBI accounted for 70.9% of the cases, with a 97.1% hospital discharge rate. Neurological severity was related to the need for intensive care (p<0.001), mortality (p<0.001), and a length of hospital stay greater than 1 day (p=0.005). Moderate-to-severe TBI showed higher ICU admission and mortality rates. The three recorded deaths totaled 59.20 Years of Life Lost. Conclusion: Initial neurological severity showed significant prognostic value in risk stratification and the allocation of hospital resources for patients with TBI. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia

O uso de duloxetina no manejo da dor perioperatória: uma revisão guarda-chuva

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: O uso de duloxetina no manejo da dor perioperatória: uma revisão guarda-chuva Author: Wissmann, Isabela Berton First advisor: França, Thiago Fonseca Alves Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia

Hora de ouro: prevalência e fatores associados ao primeiro contato pele a pele da mãe com o bebê em usuárias do sistema único de saúde

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Hora de ouro: prevalência e fatores associados ao primeiro contato pele a pele da mãe com o bebê em usuárias do sistema único de saúde Author: Frossard, Isabel Benevides First advisor: Silva, Shana Ginar da Abstract: Objective: To estimate the prevalence of the Golden Hour, as well as the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with the first skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby, among users of the Brazilian Unified Health System. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to December 2024 with women aged 12 years or older and children up to two years of age, who were receiving childcare follow-up at five Basic Health Units (UBS) in Passo Fundo, RS. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews at each UBS. The outcome was the prevalence of the Golden Hour, characterized by skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby in the first hour after birth. Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical variables were evaluated as exposures. Data analysis included descriptive statistics (n, %), chi-square test for bivariate analyses, and Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The statistical significance level adopted was 5%. Results: A total of 377 mother-baby dyads were included. The prevalence of skin-to-skin contact in the first hour of life was 79% (95%CI: 74.0–83.0). After adjustment, the following factors remained associated with the outcome: maternal skin color black, brown, indigenous, or yellow (p=0.039), number of children ≥2 (p=0.009), vaginal delivery (p<0.001), and Apgar score at 1st minute ≥7 (p=0.032). Conclusions: The prevalence of skin-to-skin contact in the first hour of life was high in the studied population and was associated with sociodemographic and clinical factors, especially maternal characteristics and conditions related to delivery and the newborn. The findings reinforce the need to improve care during labor and birth, with emphasis on adopting practices that favor early contact between mother and baby. Publisher: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Type: Monografia