Projeto e dimensionamento de um sistema "Wetlands" Construído (WC) em residência unifamiliar no município de Chapecó - SC e comparativo de custos com as lagoas de estabilização

Abstract

Whereas the collection and treatment of domestic sewage does not reach the entire population, becomes appropriate the search for simplified, economic and decentralized technologies such as constructed wetlands, to minimize this scenario. The aim of the study was based on the project of an alternative system for treating sewage in a suburban area of single family residence of Chapecó – SC. The proposed system consisted of a septic tank, anaerobic filter and constructed wetlands, the first two being used as the unit of primary and secondary treatment, respectively. The methodology of the study centered on the NBR 13969/1997 - Septic tanks - Units complementary treatment and disposal of wastewater - Project, construction and operation, NBR 7229/1993 - Project, construction and operation of septic tank systems and a review of the scientific literature. In a second moment was held the sizing a system of stabilization ponds (anaerobic lagoon and facultative pond) for a population of 1000 inhabitants, considering average standard. Finally, whether made a comparison of costs between the following arrangements: anaerobic pond, followed by facultative pond and anaerobic pond, followed by constructed wetlands. The sewer system designed for the residence has needed an approximate area of 10.5 square meters at a cost of R$ 7.500,00. It was noticed that for a population of over 1,000 inhabitants is more financially beneficial, the use of facultative ponds instead of constructed wetlands, when associated with anaerobic lagoons. The constructed wetlands represent an interesting alternative for the treatment of domestic sewage in remote and deprived communities without sewage network.