A otimização do transporte de leite in natura em uma empresa transportadora

Abstract

Operational Research (PO) emerged during World War II to aid in war missions. It is an area of knowledge that uses mathematical models to facilitate the decision-making process, the models to be used are, the simulation model and the optimization model. The simulation model imitates the real world, since the optimization model selects a single alternative, considered optimal for each case studied. Operational Research can be used in all areas of an organization, assisting in administrative processes, such as transportation routes, production flow, financial planning, among others. In relation to the transportation sector, which is the main topic addressed in the study, the Operational Research will be used with the objective of optimizing the transportation of fresh milk by a carrier. The study was carried out with data from a company from the region, whose model of organization of the routes of milk collection is adopted by the great majority of companies. In this sense, the main issue of this study is to understand the influence of linear programming in the transport of in natura milk in a transport company. The research is justified by the great importance of milk both in the food chain of society, and in the generation of jobs, income and contribution to regional development. As a method, the nature of the research is considered applied, with a qualitative approach. To meet the proposed objective, the interview, the observation and the documentary collection were used. Already, to analyze the data collected, the following categories were created: [I] Organization of controls and [II] Transport operation. Also, the linear programming formulations will be used to perform the calculations and analysis of the milk transportation routes. With the flowchart the flow of in natura milk in each route traveled by the transport company was demonstrated. From the above, by identifying transport costs per kilometer/liter on each of the routes of the company, it is possible to allocate new producers to the routes with lower costs. The model created can be used to facilitate the introduction of new producers to the routes, as well as to identify the capacity used for transportation and the available capacity.