Uma arqueogenealogia da produção do alcoolismo e da internação compulsória

Abstract

This dissertation arises from archaeo-genealogic views found in Michel Foucault’s work. It is aimed at drawing an analysis of subjects under compulsory hospitalisation in Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, diagnosed with alcoholism, from January 1st, 2010 to December 31st, 2016, at CAPSad – Centre of Psycho-social Attention to Alcohol and Other Drugs, an out-of-hospital device founded on the discourses of de-institutionalisation and psychiatric reform. Therefore, I study discursive aspects of the process of constructing alcoholism as a disease, questioning them from scientific discourses of pathologization, strongly anchored onto the aegis of standardization of life and the production of a specific means of subjectivation that asserts the alcoholic in discursive practices of abnormality, in such a deeply rooted way as to enforce him/her to coercive and compulsory treatment. I intend to draw attention to the tension between the principles of the Brazilian psychiatric reform and the evident prioritisation of the knowledge-power relation in health and juridical scopes with regard to the subjectivity of the alcoholic. The corpus of the analysis comprehends reports issued by technicians on mental health suggesting compulsory hospitalisation, eventually authorised by the Judiciary Power, upon family request. Data collection ran from November 1st to 30th, 2016. An effort was made so as to define an archive of hierarchy between the normal and the pathological legitimated through criteria suggesting whether a subject should be compulsorily hospitalised or not. In order to confirm the hypothesis, I take the following structure: firstly, I present an outline of Foucault's archaeogenealogy. Then, I highlight the main elements of the production of alcoholism as a disease and the discursive emergence upon that figure, from the variant of alcohol. Finally, I sustain the hypothesis that there are practices for the production of alcoholic subjects, which the monuments allow to detect, establishing hospitalisation and CAPSad as devices of biopower and biopolitics over the bodies of the so-called alcoholic subjects (according to the project of Foucault's archaeogenealogy) and to Agamben, under the aegis of homo sacer, I have analysed this space of bare life subjected to a power of death.