Características produtivas da soja em função de alturas de cortes do trigo e tipos de sulcadores

Abstract

Soybean is the Brazilian agricultural culture that more has expanded in the last three decades, being the most consumed leguminous at world. One of the most cultivated antecessor crops, mainly in southern Brazil, is wheat, which in turn provides the bulky presence of plants stems that remain standing after harvest. Another crucial point is the use of appropriate practices when sowing, through adjustments and use of appropriate equipments. In this work, we analyze the effects of these wheat cultural remains on the soybean crop, and compare it with the different sowing practices, oriented to the furrowing elements responsible for opening the furrow and fertilizer deposition. The effects on soybean were evaluated in relation to three different cutting heights of wheat (5, 15 and 30 cm), as well as two sowing mechanisms (stem and double disc) at no-till farming of soybeans. In the experiment the design was a factorial completely randomized, with 4 replicates. The evaluations in the soybean were: plant population, height of insertion of the first legume, number of legumes and grains per plant, stature and productivity. In the conditions under which the work was carried out, the results showed that there is a difference in mean productivity in relation to cutting height and sowing system. However, there was no statistical significant. Cutting heights did not significantly influence the productive characteristics of soybeans. Regarding the furrowing systems, the double disc showed a decrease in the plant population and an increase in the average insertion height of the first legume.