Estudo sintático das preposições [PARA] e [A] em construções triargumentais na gramática de Chapecó e região

Abstract

The present study aims at describe how the use of prepositions [para] and [a] in dative or oblique constructions with tri-argumentative verbs in the grammar of the chapecoenses and region is presented. Several studies on the phenomenon were carried out; among them Silveira (1999), Berlinck (2007), Liz (2009), Berlinck (2011), Torres-Morais (2010,2012), Campos (2010), Chaves (2013) confirm an alternation of use of the mentioned prepositions, with the erasure of the preposition [a] and the recategorization of the clitic pronoun [lhe]. The alternative used in place of the preposition [a] is the use of the preposition [para] and, instead of the clitic [lhe], the straight pronouns [ele/ela], resulting in the loss of categorical dative constructions in Brazilian Portuguese. The aim of this study is to broaden the contexts analyzed and to describe the factors that determined the choice of the introductory preposition for prepositional internal arguments, specifically in constructions with tri-argumentative verbs. For this, as a theoretical framework, the assumptions of the Generative Theory are followed; as a methodology, the corpus is constituted by data from two television talk shows with speakers from Chapecó and the Western region of Santa Catarina. The analyzes of the sentences produced in these programs show a preference for the preposition [para] to the detriment of [a], corroborating the results of some studies in the area that indicate the loss of the dative construct in BP and, instead, the growth in the use of constructs with internal prepositional argument introduced by [para]. Likewise, the clitic pronoun [lhe] is no longer present in the grammar of BP, at least not as 3rd person. In its place, there are constructions with the preposition [para] and the pronouns [ele/ela], [você], [a gente], among others. Something that contributed to the variation of the prepositions was the changes of the pronominal frame of the BP, that explain, in part, the loss of the constructions dativas in the BP. Factors that influenced in the preference for the use of the preposition [para] in relation to the preposition [a] were the syntactic and semantic values of the preposition [para], since it was assumed in this study to be a semilexical preposition defined by Littlefield (2006). In other words, the preposition [para], when classified as semilexical, would be available to occur in functional contexts of tri-argumentative verbs. In this way, BP would be losing the dative case and presenting only the oblique case in these contexts.