Potencialidade do geoprocessamento no processo do licenciamento ambiental de postos de combustíveis – um estudo na área urbana do município de Santo Ângelo–RS

Abstract

This research had as main objective to present the main forms of use of the geoprocessing in the process of environmental licensing of fuel stations in the urban area of the county of Santo Ângelo - RS, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) through free software QGIS. The computational tools for geoprocessing, integrated to the GIS allow the accomplishment of environmental analyzes, providing a spatial vision of the situation of a certain area of study, providing a systematic view of the environment. In view of this, the development of this work involved the activities of data collection, fuel stations spacing and cross-over in a GIS environment. At the stage of data collection, such as the name of the enterprise and its location, it was sought to obtain them through the environmental licensing processes taken from the official site of the State Foundation for Environmental Protection Henrique Luis Roessler (FEPAM). In addition, through a research field was conducted to collect the geographical coordinates of each fuel station in the municipality, with the help of a GNSS tracker. After collecting all the data, through the QGIS software, information was gathered by a common attribute, in this case the coordinates of the stations and the satellite images available in Google Earth. In terms of conclusions, research has shown that high-resolution satellite images (associated with GPS points) can be efficiently used in locating and quantifying more precisely the surrounding areas of a particular project. It should be emphasized that geoprocessing technology provides great utility in studies of areas of influence, contributing to the expansion of the use of GIS as an environmental management tool.