Potencial germinativo de variedades de milho crioulo e incidência de fungos dos gêneros Aspergillus sp. E Penicillium sp.

Abstract

The act os save creole seeds ensure the preservation of genetic material and ensure the subsistence of farmers, keeping Independence from Market price changes. However, due to genetic variability, origin and storage location, the creole seeds presente diferences in rlation to germination and sanity for diferente varieties. In this context, this work has as main objective to evaluate the germination and the probable infection by genus fungus Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp., of varieties Yellow Creole Corn (Y.C.C.), White Creole Corn (W.C.C.) and Sweet White Corn (S.W.C.), acquired during the 4th Meeting of Missionary Agrobiodiversity. Was realized two counts of the germinated seeds. The first and second count of germinated seeds were realized at four and seven days after the implantation of the experiment. The presence of fungus of the genus Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp., was evaluated seven days after the implantation. For the germination variable, in the first count the varieties Y.C.C. and WCC presented the highest germination averages, with 49.2% and 59.2% differing statistically from the S.W.C. variety, which resulted in 7.6%. However, for the second count, the varieties W.C.C. and S.W.C. presented the highest averages of germination, with 88% and 79%, respectively, differing statistically from Y.C.C. variety, that resulted in 53% of germination. In the evaluation of seed infection by pathogens, the Y.C.C. variety showed significantly the highest average of seeds infected by the fungus Aspergillus sp., where the fungus developed in 52% of the evaluated seeds, while the W.C.C. and S.W.C. varieties presented 1.7% and 2.0% of the seeds infected by the fungus. In relation to the fungus Penicillium sp., the S.W.C. variety presented the highest percentages of infected seeds, with 98%, while the Y.C.C. variety showed intermediate results of infection, with 40.5%. The W.C.C. variety presented significantly the lowest infection percentage for Penicillium sp., with 25.2% of infected seeds. In conclusion, the W.C.C. variety presented the highest percentage of germination and the lowest percentage of infection by the fungus Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp.