Uso de óleos essenciais em substrato para controle de tombamento em plântulas de tomateiro

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of essential oils (OE of bioactive plants, thyme (Thymus vulgaris), coriander (Coriandum sativum) and basil (Ocimum basilicum), in the control of tomato planting trowels caused by fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum In the mycelial growth test, OE was incorporated in the BDA culture medium at concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1%, after which it was peeled in the center of each plate a disc of 5 mm of mycelium, allocated in BOD and made the measurement of the average diameter of the colonies and sporulation, when the largest ones reached ¾ of the plate.In the test of phytotoxidez in tomato seeds were used the concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1%, diluted in water and Tween® 20 adhesive spreader at 0.2% and applied to the solution in germitest paper, where the seeds were seeded, placed in gerbox in BOD at ± 25 ° C and counts after 21 days. In the test of contaminated substrate, in greenhouse The fungi were inoculated on substrate and placed in Styrofoam trays with 200 cells, using the OE of basil and coriander in the concentration of 0.5%, done the evaluation after 21 days. Both mycelial growth and phytotoxicity, as concentration increased, there was a greater inhibition of fungi and a phytotoxic effect in the seeds, with emphasis on thyroid OE, which promoted total inhibition of fungal growth and seed germination from 0.1%. In the substrate test, the treatments with OE were effective in the control of tipping, indicating potential in the alternative control to the use of fungicides.