Desenvolvimento municipal e o mercado de trabalho: uma análise espacial bivariada para os municípios paranaenses em 2010

Abstract

Measuring the development level of a particular region is a difficult task, as it is not enough to know only the gross domestic product, but also variables related to education, health, safety and employment. Thus, the present study focused on the development of the job market and had as objective to analyze spatial patterns between the FIRJAN Index of municipal development – Employment/Income and the job market in the year 2010 in the municipalities of Paraná. The study consisted of three stages: in the first one, Descriptive Statistics was analyzed. In the second stage, the data were analyzed through the correlation coefficient, considering a level of significance of 5% and testing the hypothesis that the linear correlation between the variable IFDM – Employment/Income versus the other job market variables is zero. Finally, in the third step, the variables that were significant in the second stage were analyzed through MoranBivariate Statistics I and was verified the existence of bivariate clusters in the state of Paraná. As a result, the research showed that part of the mesoregions of Western, Central South and Central North regions presented Low-Low spatial pattern, indicating that the job market in this region is disadvantaged and needs a greater generation of employment and income to be able to develop economically. In the mesoregions of Central and Metropolitan North of Curitiba, the clusters were classified as High-High, indicating that in these agglomerations of municipalities, the job market is developed and has a greater generation of employment in Industry, Commerce and Services sectors. In addition to these patterns, when analyzing the spatial autocorrelation of the IFDM – Employment/Income with the urban unemployment rate and Poverty Rate, clusters were formed in part of the Midwest, Central South and Central North Meso-regions with a High-Low pattern, indicating that in this region, there are high poverty rates and urban unemployment, as well as high IFDM – Employment/Income. With the analysis of the clusters, it was noticed that the state of Paraná has specific regions that need a greater attention of the managers in municipal, state and federal level, since the research made possible a better visualization of the municipalities that need action that promote the development of the job market.