Prevalência das lesões relacionadas ao descolamento regmatogênico da retina

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To identify the prevalence of peripheral degenerative retinal lesions related to the retinal detachment and classify them according to their morphology. METHODS: A descriptive observational cross - sectional study was carried out in an ophthalmologic reference clinic, analyzed in a non - probabilistic manner, for convenience. A sample composed of 100 patients who sought care at Garbin Oftalmoclínica from January to December of 2017 was performed. Inclusion criteria included patients aged 20 to 70 who performed mapping. Differential diagnoses of regmatogenic retinal detachment (DRR) were used as exclusion criterion. Data were collected through the patients' charts. RESULTS: There was a predominance of female patients (70). Peripheral lesions predisposing to DRR were found in 25 of the patients with predominance of lattice degeneration (60% of cases). It was found that 73.3% of myopic patients had peripheral lesions predisposing to DRR. It was also observed that 52% of the patients with a predisposing lesion, at the time of diagnosis, were asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: The study reached its objectives and demonstrated results that verified a higher prevalence of predisposing peripheral lesions in patients with myopia and asymptomatic characteristics of these lesions. The screening of patients, especially the myopes, is important to avoid complications of DRR. In addition, it is important to point out that more studies in this area would be of paramount importance for better control of cases of retinal detachment.