Biocontrole de patógenos necrotróficos do milho via microbiolização de sementes com procariotos

Abstract

Corn is considered one of the most economically important crops produced in the world, due to the different ways of using the produced grains. It is the cereal that has the largest quantities of grain produced in the world, Brazil occupies a prominent position in this scenario, as it is the third largest world producer of corn. However, there are several factors that negatively affect the productive potential of the crop and cause losses in productivity, among which the high incidence of diseases affecting commercial corn crops has been highlighted. Biological control is one of the forms of control that has gained prominence in recent years, mainly due to the search for control methods that are less harmful to the environment. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of maize seed microbiolization with isolated or combined prokaryotes, on leaf disease severity, growth components and crop yield variables For this, the corn seeds of cultivar SHS 5050 were microbiolized, with bacterial isolates LABMID UFFS RD 34 (Bacillus sp.), LABMID UFFS 16, LABMID UFFS 27, belonging to the collection of isolates from the Integrated Disease Management Laboratory (LABMID UFFS). Isolates were used separately or in combination. Severity of leaf spot, white spot and helminthsporiosis were evaluated weekly, as well as evaluation of growth components such as plant height, first cob insertion height, stem diameter and internode distance, as well as yield variables as number. Of ranks per cob, number of grains per cob, mass of one thousand grains and productivity. It was concluded that the treatment of corn seeds with the bacterial isolates tested reduced the progress of the evaluated diseases. No significant effect of seed microbiolization on plant growth and yield components was found, but treatment with the isolate LABMID UFFS RD 34 (Bacillus sp.) obtained a productivity of 846 kg.ha-1 higher than the witness treatment