Um histórico da criação da flona: a floresta Nacional de Chapecó (1960-1988)

Abstract

The landscape of the western region of the state of Santa Catarina underwent an accelerated transformation at the beginning of the 20th century, as the colonization process took place. Characterized by the presence of the Mixed Ombrophilous Forest (FOM) and Deciduous Seasonal Forest (FED), the forest was explored due to the activities of the timber industry, at the same time that the deforested places made it possible to implement areas for agriculture and animal breeding. Based on this scenario, the debates on the depletion of forests led to the institution of measures, such as the creation of forest parks to carry out reforestation. Among the units created by the Instituto Nacional do Pinho (INP) is the Parque Florestal João Goulart, established in 1961, in the municipality of Chapecó. The objective of this research is to analyze the creation of the unit and its performance until the year 1988, which precedes the period of application of the first management plan. With the extinction of INP in the 1960s and the creation of the Instituto Brasileiro de Desenvolvimento Florestal (IBDF), Parque Florestal João Goulart came to be called the Floresta Nacional de Chapecó, through Ordinance No. 560 of October 25, 1968. To achieve the proposed objective, we used the approach proposed by Environmental History, using regional as sources regional ​newspapers​, official FLONA documents, maps and iconography. The creation of FLONA de Chapecó takes place in a context in which araucaria plantations in other parks did not meet the expectations of their planners. Therefore, the extensive use of exotic species is part of the characteristics observed in the unit today.