Armazenamento de sementes de soja (glycine max) sob atmosfera em fluxo contínuo de gases

Abstract

Grain production in Brazil is important for the economy, and soy is one of the main crops in the country. Thus, to increase soybean productivity, research on seed storage is necessary. The objective of this work was to store soybean seeds under amounts of oxygen less than 1 kPa through the controlled atmosphere with continuous flow of gases (AC-FCG) and to analyze the maintenance of physiological quality and vigor. The experiment was conducted with 4 treatments: [1] <1.0 kPa O2 + 0.04 kPa CO2 without temperature control; [2] <1.0 kPa O2 +> 10 kPa CO2 without temperature control; [3] 21 kPa O2 + 0.04 kPa CO2 without temperature control and [4] 21 kPa O2 + 0.04 kPa CO2 with temperature control at 20ºC. The seeds of all treatments were stored for a period of 199 days. To evaluate seed quality, after storage, the following parameters were used: (a) germination, (b) electrical conductivity, (c) accelerated aging, (d) dry moisture, (e) tetrazolium test, (f) emergence speed index and (g) root length. The parameters were evaluated in two stages: (a) after opening the camera at 199 days and (b) after opening the camera another seven days of exposure to the ambient atmosphere at 20ºC. The results were compared using the Scott-Knott test, with a 5% probability of error. According to the results obtained in this work, storage with oxygen levels below 1 kPa using a controlled atmosphere with continuous gas flow (AC-FCG) AC-FCG is effective to maintain viability and vigor in soybean seeds.