Prevalência de fator antinuclear em pacientes com artrite reumatoide e sua distribuição de acordo com características clínicas epidemiológicas

Abstract

Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune, systemic and inflammatory disease, which affects about 1% of the world population, being highly disabling when not diagnosed and treated early. Because it is autoimmune, it has several related autoantibodies, which have different diagnostic and prognostic values. Thus, the objective of this work is to estimate the prevalence of antinuclear factor (ANA) in patients with RA and its distribution according to clinical and epidemiological characteristics. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study carried out in a tertiary hospital. Medical records of patients over 18 years of age, seen on an outpatient basis or hospitalized, with a diagnosis of RA, were reviewed between December 1, 2015 and December 31, 2019. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, with the determination of frequencies and the chi-Pearson's square (statistical significance of 5%) to determine some relationship between the presence of ANA and clinical and epidemiological data of patients. Results: among the 202 people analyzed, 80.2% were women, with a predominance of age between 45 and 75 years (77.2%). Of the total, 42.5% had the exam to detect ANA. Of these, 45.3% were reactive, with the Nuclear Dotted Fine Dense pattern predominating (30.8%). As for the title, 1/80 was the most prevalent, 51.3%. The study found no relationship between the presence of ANA and the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients. Conclusion: there is a prevalence of 45.3% of ANA in patients with RA and there is no relationship between its presence and the clinical and epidemiological characteristics.