A importância do uso de cálculos de estimação da taxa de filtração glomerular para um diagnóstico precoce de doença renal crônica

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem, which has systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) as its main risk factors: controlling these conditions, as well as making an early diagnosis, can help prevent their progression. Therefore, the importance of estimating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in order to assess the renal function to promote an appropriate treatment is notorious. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study, carried out through the analysis of online medical records of the Family Health Strategies in a small town in the north of Rio Grande do Sul, in which data from patients over 18 years of age with a result of laboratory measurement of serum creatinine in year of 2019 were evaluated. Results: The specimen consisted of 831 participants, of which 95.4% had a serum creatinine result within normal limits, however, 15.5% had a GFR <60mL/min/1.73m². It was observed that females (11,6%; p=0.014) and age ≥60 years (12,6%; p<0.001) were more related to changes in GFR. Moreover, it was identified that SAH (22,1%; p<0.001) and type 2 DM (23,5; p=0.006) were associated with changes in GFR. Discussion: The results demonstrated the discrepancy between the normality suggested by the reference values of serum creatinine and the estimated GFR, reinforcing the importance of proceeding with the estimation of renal function, aiming at the promotion of comprehensive care, especially for the population with risk factors for the development of DRC.