A importância da sociologia de Florestan Fernandes para a interpretação do Brasil

Abstract

In the year that is celebrated Florestan Fernandes' Centenary (2020), a professor, a reseaercher, sociologist and politician, most of all, a Brazilian citizen, author of a work that helps us to interpret Brazil, we consider important and necessary to problematize it, to understand better the condition we are relating his work to. By this mean the research has as a goal to realize how far does Florestan Fernandes sociology presents itself as a “system” to interpret Brazil. To this end, is used a bibliographic study oriented by the analytic-reconstructive and interpretative method that allows us to recover the different thematics presented in his work through a detailed description of key points raised by the author easing the reconstruction of his works in the present moment. In the case of Florestan's works, the analysiss of that time's Brazil, brings a reality that could be understood beyond the time he has lived. In our understanding, by the studying of his works and the reconstruction of the key points is possible to see an analysis “system” of Brazilian society, observed through the sunsequent works: A organização social dos Tupinambá (1963); A função social da guerra na Sociedade Tupinambá (1970); A integração do negro na sociedade de classes (Vol. 1 e 2, 1964); A revolução burguesa no Brasil (1975); Capitalismo dependente e classes sociais na América Latina (1981); e A contestação necessária (1995). The works were defined by a chronology proposed by Haroldo Ceravolo Sereza in a book Florestan: a inteligência militante (2006) altogether with relevant points of our author's years of life, being them respectivedly: the obtaining of his master and doctor's degrees, his Cathedra in Sociology I, his exile in Canada, his return to Brazil and his last realesed work. It is important to emphasize that his works link us to a critic point of view of Brazil, wich turned possible the possibility of presenting it as a "system" to interpret Brazil, As long as the sociologist Florestan Fernades's contributions are not limited to his books last pages, beyond the time the analysis is inset, allowing a present explanation, also contributing to a basis of new analysis and discussions