Climatologia de desastres naturais na região das missões do Rio Grande do Sul: vendaval e granizo

Abstract

The present work has the objective of evaluating the spatial distribution and the frequency time of natural disasters due to hail and gale in 26 municipalities in the region of the missions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul in the period from 2009 to 2020. The methodological procedures were constituted obtaining, from the database of the State Coordination of Civil Protection and Defense of Rio Grande do Sul, the quantity, date and types of occurrence of hail and windstorm events (as well as the damage caused by them), through decrees Emergency Situation (SE) of the municipalities. The data were treated and organized in an Excel spreadsheet, and analyzed as to the frequency of occurrence, period and amount of affected population. The results showed that the municipalities that presented the highest occurrences of hail and gale, adding the two types of events, were Porto Xavier (7 events) followed by São Borja (6 events) and the station with the highest frequency of occurrence was spring followed by winter, and the month with the most episodes was November (12 events). It was also shown that these adverse weather events do not have a clear relationship with ENOS events, that is, they do not occur only in years with the presence of the climatic phenomena El Niño and La Niña. There were (also) occurrences of intense episodes in neutral years, without the presence of such phenomena.