Efeitos da compactação do solo nos atributos físicos do solo e nos componentes de rendimento da cultura do trigo

Abstract

The increasing mechanization of agriculture that started in the 1960s in Brazil, associated with the simplification of the no-tillage system, causes compaction of the surface layers of the soil, compromising the productivity of the crop and the efficiency of the inputs used. To combat this effect, many producers use scarification as an immediate solution to the problem. In view of these facts, the effect of different soil management and compaction levels on the physical attributes of a oxisol and its impact on wheat crop productivity components were evaluated. The experimental design used for the experiment was randomized blocks, consisting of 5 blocks and 4 treatments, namely: T1 - no-tillage; T2 - soil compaction induced with 1 tractor pass; T3 - soil compaction induced with 3 tractor passes; T4 - scarified soil. The treatments used had effects up to a depth of 15 cm. Soil compaction in the plots was limiting for wheat crop productivity when compared to the other management systems, where T1 presented the highest value for wheat crop productivity (4.22 Mg/ha), not differing from T4 (4.193 Mg/ha) and T2 (3.864 Mg/ha), and the lowest productivity was observed in T3 (3.542 Mg/ha).