Perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes notificados com tuberculose óssea no Rio Grande do Sul de 2010 a 2021

Abstract

Objective: To identify the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients reported with bone tuberculosis (TBO) in Rio Grande do Sul from 2010 to 2021. Methods: This is a quantitative, ecological and descriptive study, carried out with data of the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), evaluating 575 reported cases of TBO in Rio Grande do Sul, from 2010 to 2021. The information analyzed was gender, age, education, smoking, alcohol consumption and HIV infection, the absolute and relative frequencies of the variables were calculated. The spatial distribution of the disease's incidence rate in the state of RS was also performed, which was represented by means of a geographic map produced by the TerraView software. Results: The study revealed that TBO was more prevalent in men (65.4%), white (75.8%), aged between 40 and 59 years (37.9%) and with low education, with a portion significant number of them were smokers and/or drinkers. Furthermore, co-infection with HIV was relevant in this context, affecting 17.5% of the sample. Furthermore, only 117 of the 497 municipalities had notifications of the disease. Conclusion: Considering that the transmission and bone manifestation of the pathology are associated with several factors, it is essential to monitor the progression of tuberculosis throughout the country, encourage future studies to improve the effectiveness of health surveillance actions and the adequate registration of notification, as well as how to promote preventive and educational measures for the general population.