A atividade do pensamento e a questão da moral na teoria Arendtiana

Abstract

The purpose of this text is to expand Hannah Arendt’s reflections about the morality, with emphasis on its conceptualization of the faculty of thinking. Even though, your political philosophy already had strong pillars in the piece The Origins of Totalitarianism and The Human Condition, new reflections merged from her contact with the judgment of Eichmann, a Nazi officer, responsible for the deportation of the Jews during the Third Reich, and also for the Final Solution, decided after the Wannsee Conference. On the jury, given the reports of that man, Arendt understood that not all followers of nazism were people convicted of their acts or non-actions, but also by individuals who did not reflect, did not dialogue with themselves. Thus, the author went on to name as banality of evil. In this bias, when describing Eichmann and his most prominent traits, concluded an intrinsic relationship between thoughts, memories and moral responsibility, to the extent that individuals do not think, are not able to recall, as well as, feel the responsibility they have with themselves and with the world. For that, will be approached first the totalitarian scenario and its characteristics of massification, ideology and isolation; secondly, the Eichmann case associating this phenomenon with thoughtlessness, and therefore with the banality of evil. At last, in our last chapter, the discussion leads to the understanding of thought and its implications on responsibility and judgment; here are Arendt’ severe criticisms about the standard of conduct superseded on particular cases. In this bias, in the contraposition of Eichmann and his lack of thought, Socrates’ example is quoted, politician and reflective man, able to not only make use of his dialectics with others, but above all, with his own self. In conclusion, it is understood that the morality for Arendt has an inherent link to attention intended for thought, developing each subjects’ personality and as a result, also its responsibility upon yourself and the world.