Introdução in vitro, micropropagação e enraizamento de plantas de batata cv. Ágata

Abstract

The potato (Solanum tuberosum), native to the Andes, has been consumed for more than 8 thousand years. It produces tubers rich in carbohydrates and proteins and is part of the food base of several countries. This work aimed to establish a protocol for in vitro introduction, micropropagation and rooting of potato cultivar Ágata. The meristematic apices were removed from the shoots, standardized to a size of 5 mm in length and washed in running water for 30 minutes, after receiving a treatment with 70% alcohol, containing 4.5% sodium hypochlorite for 30 minutes. At the end of asepsis, the explants were washed three times in autoclaved deionized water and isolated in test tubes with 2 mL of MS culture medium, plus 20 g.L of sucrose and 7 g.L of agar. After being subcultured as described, they were introduced into test tubes containing 3 mL of MS culture medium and subcultured for 2 periods to complete in vitro growth. After this period, they were transferred to test tubes with MS culture medium plus AIB (indolebutyric acid) at concentrations 0 (Control), 1, 2 and 3 mg.L-1. For statistical analysis, the Tukey test was used at a 5% probability level. The results obtained in relation to the length of the aerial part showed that the control treatment stood out in growth (5.24 cm). In relation to the length of the root part, the concentrations that stood out were the control treatment (3.00 cm) and treatment with 1 mg. L-1 (1.60 cm). Regarding the root number, the treatments that showed the best results were the 2 mg concentration. L-1 (10.8 cm) and 3 mg. L-1 (13.9 cm).