O cuidado de enfermagem ao paciente cirúrgico pediátrico na sala de recuperação pós-anestésica: percepção dos pais ou acompanhantes

Abstract

The process of hospitalization is a time of change for all family members, especially pediatric patients. The first years of a child's life are considered the most vulnerable and are characterized by total dependence on family members or guardians, requiring guidance, support and assistance in all activities. These challenges can be aggravated in situations involving anesthetic procedures or surgical interventions. The physical structure and routine of the surgical suite and Post-Anesthesia Care Unit often result in the separation of the family from the pediatric patient. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the perceptions of those accompanying pediatric patients about the care provided by the nursing team in the context of the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit. The interest in carrying out this study arose from the researcher's experiences in non-mandatory internships in health services. To elucidate these issues, an exploratory descriptive qualitative approach was adopted, following Bardin’s content analysis (2016). This research was carried out with 8 caregivers and 2 nurses from the surgical suite, specifically in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit at a public hospital in the municipality of Chapecó-SC. To carry out the research, semi-structured interviews were carried out, which included open-ended questions formulated on the basis of an instrument aimed at companions. The results of this study highlight the importance of the presence of a companion in the context of pediatric patients undergoing surgical procedures. The presence of a caregiver is fundamental, since parents or guardians play a crucial role in the emotional and physical well-being of children during this critical time. Finally, it is expected that this study will provide clearer reflections on the importance of a patient- and family-centered approach, highlighting not only the physical needs of the child, but also the emotional and informational demands of the parents or caregivers