Fatores que interferem na sustentabilidade financeira das internações em unidades de terapia intensiva pediátricas: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Pediatric intensive care units are, for several reasons, costly to manage. Furthermore, bed availability constantly appears as the internationally recommended minimum. In situations where the demand for children in intensive care increases, the government finds it difficult to manage the surplus of children who require admission to the sector. Therefore, the present study aims to identify which factors interfere with the economic sustainability of the PICU. The study method is an integrative review of the literature, with data collected from 2013 onwards. 22 studies were included in the review, and these were classified into care management and public management factors, representing factors both internal and external to the assistance provided in the sector. The factors found in the literature, during this study period, that helped answer the research question were: drug therapy, HAIs, some acute conditions, severity of the disease, malnutrition and others such as length of stay and prolonged mechanical ventilation, poverty, age and gestational age, physical distance, chronic conditions and COVID-19 prevention. Most of the factors found are largely dependent on the length of stay and the increase in hospitalization costs, which shows the relevance of the sector's routine costs. Internal factors communicate with care management, which require professional strategies to effectively confront the burdensome conditions, while external factors relate to effective public policies, from government institutions.