Percepções da pintura de ventre em gestantes de alto risco internadas em um hospital público do oeste catarinense

Abstract

The discovery of a pregnancy is usually marked by intense transformations involving physical, social and emotional aspects. Such aspects can be exacerbated due to signs and symptoms that end up classifying the pregnant woman as high risk. In some cases, hospitalization is necessary in order to restore maternal and/or fetal health. However, in many Brazilian maternity hospitals, it is observed that the team responsible for providing assistance to this public is mostly interested only in the physiological aspects of pregnancy, forgetting the emotional, psychic and spiritual aspects of women, contributing to fear and anxieties experienced by this group. Considering the above, in order to make the hospital experience more pleasant for high-risk pregnant women hospitalized, providing a differentiated interaction that allows for a greater connection with the baby, as well as causing positive feelings that improve their health status, it was proposed this work. This study aimed to understand the perceptions of high-risk pregnant women admitted to the maternity ward of a public hospital in the west of Santa Catarina, about belly painting, before and after the application of gestational art, describe the feelings involved during the hospital stay, in addition to analyzing the sociodemographic profile of these women. This is a qualitative study, of the action research type, carried out with high-risk pregnant women, over 18 years old, admitted to a hospital in the west of Santa Catarina, southern region of Brazil. Data collection took place in November 2023, through semi-structured interviews carried out before and after belly painting on pregnant women and considered the data saturation criterion. The collected data was subjected to discursive textual analysis, organized around four focuses. The research included 13 hospitalized high-risk pregnant women who were characterized and, based on data analysis, three themes were presented, namely: “High-risk pregnancy”, “Performing gestational art” and “Perceptions of pregnant women about belly painting”. Receiving the diagnosis of a high-risk pregnancy was a surprise for the participants, generating great concern for the majority who, until then, had had a pregnancy without complications and/or complications. This fact led to the need for family (re)organization, exacerbating feelings of worry, fear, anxiety and crying. Gestational art can be more widely used in health services as a way to alleviate the feelings arising from a high-risk pregnancy, in addition to contributing to the restoration of maternal-fetal health and improving gestational outcomes.