Meningite bacteriana no Brasil: análise da imunização e das internações entre 2011 e 2022

Abstract

This is a quantitative and observational study, whose objective is to analyze vaccination coverage and hospitalizations for bacterial meningitis in Brazil from 2011 to 2022. Using data from the SI-PNI and SIH-SUS, vaccination rates, characteristics of hospitalizations and associated costs. Vaccination coverage and the proportion of hospitalizations due to meningitis were calculated using an electronic spreadsheet. A slight increase in hospitalizations was observed, with a higher incidence in white individuals (35.4%) and males (57%). Average and total costs reached their peak in 2022, while the mortality rate recorded its lowest rate that year (9.21%). In conclusion, the results indicate a decrease in adherence to the meningococcal C vaccine, reaching its lowest historical value in 2022 (72.16%). At the same time, a slight increase in hospitalization rates for bacterial meningitis was observed during the period analyzed. These trends suggest the need for strategies to improve vaccination coverage and thus potentially reduce hospitalization rates associated with bacterial meningitis in Brazil.