Tratamento integrado de sementes de soja: avaliação do desempenho sob tratamentos biológicos e químicos

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Trichoderma and Bacillus genera, applied individually or in combination with a chemical treatment, on the physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds. The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – Campus Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, comprising 11 seed treatments using commercial biological products based on Trichoderma asperelloides, T. harzianum, Bacillus subtilis + B. velezensis + B. pumilus, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + B. velezensis + B. thuringiensis, in addition to a chemical treatment containing pyraclostrobin + thiophanate-methyl + fipronil. The evaluated variables included: germination, vigor (accelerated aging), seed sanity (focused on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), seedling length, and seedling dry mass, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Results indicated that treatments combining biological and chemical agents particularly T. harzianum + chemical, B. subtilis + B. velezensis + B. pumilus + chemical, and B. amyloliquefaciens + B. velezensis + B. thuringiensis + chemical, demonstrated superior performance across multiple parameters. These treatments enhanced seedling vigor, improved sanitary quality, and promoted more efficient early-stage development. The integration of biological and chemical products proved effective in promoting soybean seed growth and protection, emerging as a sustainable and promising alternative for seed treatment in agricultural production systems.