Análise da composição química e atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia cultivada em Realeza, no Sudoeste Paranaense

Abstract

The study evaluated the antibacterial effects of tea tree essential oil against standard strains of S. aureus and E. coli. The plant was grown in the city of Realeza, PR, and its essential oil was extracted using the steam distillation technique and its chromatographic composition was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Under the afore mentioned experimental conditions, the OEM presented a yield of 1%, 22 chemical components and chemotypes terpinen-4-ol, α-terpinene and γ-terpinene when obtained in the autumn by the steam distillation technique. The microbiological evaluation showed bacterial susceptibility to the OEM depending on the strain involved in the laboratory tests. In the case of S. aureus, the MICs and MBCs ranged from 2.08% to 10.41% and 3.13% to 12.5%, respectively. For E. coli strains, MIC and MBC values ranged from 6.25% to 20.83% and from 12.5% to 20.83%, respectively. It is extremely important that biotechnological techniques be developed to optimize the efficacy of EOs against microorganisms that present high MICs and MBCs.