Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes com neoplasia maligna do pâncreas no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul no período de 2017 a 2023

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The malignant pancreatic neoplasm (MPN) is an insidious disease with high mortality.OBJECTIVE: To outline the clinical and epidemiological profile of malignant pancreatic neoplasm cases in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 2017 to 2023.METHODOLOGY: For this ecological time-series study, two samples from two databases, one derived from the section Painel de Oncologia (analysis of incidence) and the other from the section Morbidade Hospitalar do SUS (SIH/SUS). Both databases were available in departamento de informática do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil (DATASUS). the variables age, sex and stage were described as well as the incidence each year; for the Hospital Mortality Rate (HMR), the rate was calculated for each year and for the period, with characterization of the variables age, sex and ethnicity. RESULTS: During 2017 to 2020 and during 2022 to 2023 the incidence grew each year. The population under 55 years represented a small proportion of numbers, 80% of the cases had more than 55 years of which the most affected age bracket was 65 to 69 years (n = 467). Between male and female the distribution of cases was close to equilibrium during all the years in this study, male cases were majority in 2017 and the female cases dominated during all the subsequent years. Stage 4 had the lead in cases during all the years in the study and in all the age brackets with significant numerical representation, on the other hand the zero stage was the least significant numericly. Hospitalar Mortality Rate for the period reached 22% and each year of the research the rate went down. Between the sexes rate was numerically similar, 24% and 23% for men and women respectively. For age brackets, from 60 to 69 years were the most hospitalizations (n = 3.417) and deaths (n = 749) but the highest rate of 41% was found in the age group of 80 years and beyond. The Black population presented the highest hospital mortality rate (HMR) among ethnic groups, excluding the Indigenous population due to the minimal number of hospitalizations and deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Malignant pancreatic neoplasm maintains an epidemiological profile marked by a higher occurrence in older adults and is, in most cases, diagnosed at advanced stages, offering little or no curative potential to the patient.