Diagnóstico de atributos físicos de solos sob sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária

Abstract

Intensification of production in small and medium farms, especially dairy, of Southern Brazil has a policy of use of pasture and corn-silage succession a crop-livestock integration system (ILP). However, associated with inadequate management it can lead to compression and the change of soil physical attributes. The objective of the present work was to perform a diagnosis on the action of the crop-livestock integration system in the physical attributes of the soil, related to other production systems found in properties of the Cerro Largo, RS region.The field work was carried out in the municipality's property Cerro Largo-RS. Being selected some areas of integrated crop-livestock system, winter and summer pasture, pasture of Cynodon spp. cv. Tifton, and areas with corn managed under no-tillage system. The diagnosis of the physical conditions of the soil was made by collecting soil samples at different depths, of 0 to 10, 10 to 20 and 20 to 30 cm, and from these to measure the texture, density, total porosity, macroporosity and microporosity of soil, the penetration resistance data were also collected by the penetrometry method. From the critical parameters of the attributes obtained based on the literature based on soil texture, it was held interpretative and descriptive data analysis. The areas of crop-livestock integration, in general presented better physical attributes of the soil. The pasture area had the lowest mean values of density evaluated, as well as greater macroporosity, as well as limiting values of resistance to penetration from 10 cm depth. The direct planting area presented a compacted layer between 10 and 20 cm depth, evidenced by the higher density in this layer, lower macroporosity, and limiting values of resistance to penetration from the 15 cm depth.