Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes atendidos na emergência cirúrgica em um hospital terciário do norte do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the clinical-epidemiological profile and clinical outcomes of patients in surgical emergency care. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil with 286 patients treated in 2024, obtained through systematic sampling of electronic medical records, with descriptive analysis of sociodemographic, clinical, and care-related variables. Results: General surgery accounted for the highest proportion of admissions (23.4%), followed by orthopedics (18.5%). Male patients (57.0%) and adults aged 18–59 years (50.3%) predominated. Systemic arterial hypertension (38.1%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (16.4%) were the most frequent comorbidities. The mortality rate was 5.94%, and the complication rate was 25.2%. Discussion: Higher rates of death and complications were observed in older patients, those with comorbidities, and those undergoing more complex procedures. Conclusions: The profile shows a predominantly male and adult population, with a significant burden of comorbidities and adverse outcomes in surgical emergency care.