Apneia obstrutiva do sono e hipertensão arterial sistêmica

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airways during sleep. It represents an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, especially systemic arterial hypertension, although it often remains underdiagnosed in clinical practice.The objective of this study is to describe the relationship between the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in patients undergoing polysomnography and the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension. The study will be quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical. It will be conducted at Clínica do Pulmão, located in Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil, from December 2025 to June 2026, after approval by the Research Ethics Committee. Data will be obtained from the sleep questionnaire and the results of the polysomnography performed at this location. Patients over 30 years of age who have undergone polysomnography and completed the sleep questionnaire will be included. The individuals enrolled in the study will be divided into two groups: one including patients with mild and moderate forms of obstructive sleep apnea, and another with the severe form. As a result, it is expected that individuals with severe obstructive sleep apnea will show a higher prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension and a more frequent use of combinations of antihypertensive medications from different classes compared with those with mild and moderate forms of the disorder.