Gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos por meio de indicadores de desempenho ambiental: estudo aplicado ao aeroporto de Chapecó/SC

Abstract

With the advancement of air transport over the years, airports have ceased to be structures exclusively intended for landings and takeoffs, becoming complex enterprises that bring together diverse operational, commercial, and logistical activities. As a consequence, the increased flow of people has intensified the generation of solid waste in these environments, making its management a relevant issue from an environmental point of view. Given this scenario, this study aimed to diagnose the solid waste management system of Chapecó/SC Airport through the application of environmental performance indicators. The research was conducted through a literature review focused on the theoretical foundation of solid waste management in airports, followed by a technical visit to Chapecó Airport, where the conditions of the existing infrastructure were analyzed and an interview was conducted with the employee responsible for the environmental area. The results showed that the airport adopts measures aimed at minimizing environmental impacts, although weaknesses related to waste collectors were identified, especially regarding identification, packaging, and covering. The application of the indicators showed satisfactory overall performance, with approximately 76.5% of the indicators classified as good or satisfactory, highlighting few non-conformities in the evaluated system. Additionally, the SWOT analysis allowed for the synthesis of the results obtained and supported the proposal of guidelines for improving solid waste management, with emphasis on improvements in collection infrastructure and the development of environmental education actions aimed at airport users and employees. It is concluded that the application of environmental performance indicators proved efficient as a diagnostic tool and support for decision-making, assisting in the identification of opportunities for improvement in solid waste management. As a main contribution, the study expands knowledge about the application of this methodology in medium-sized airports, a context still little explored in the national literature, providing support for the improvement of airport environmental management.