Vivências de pessoas idosas com câncer de pele do tipo melanoma

Abstract

Melanoma skin cancer represents one of the most aggressive and lethal neoplasms in the elderly population, requiring close attention to its clinical and social particularities. This study aimed to investigate the experiences of elderly individuals diagnosed with melanoma, seeking to understand the impacts of the disease on their daily lives, the vulnerabilities faced, and the coping strategies adopted. The relevance of this research is justified by the accelerated process of population aging and the need to humanize medical care, providing support for integral care practices that consider the subjectivity of the elderly patient. The theoretical framework was based on the concepts of skin aging, programmatic and social vulnerability, and coping theories for facing chronic diseases. Methodologically, this is a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory research, conducted with three elderly patients assisted in the public health network of Chapecó/SC. Data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews, analyzed through the lens of thematic content analysis. The results and discussion showed that the diagnosis of melanoma generates a profound emotional impact, marked by feelings of shock, anxiety, and fear of finitude. The narratives revealed vulnerabilities linked to chronic occupational sun exposure and previous diagnostic failures, but also highlighted the participants' resilience. Family support, spirituality, and the bond of trust with the health team emerged as the main coping strategies. In the final considerations, the study reinforces that the experiences transcend the biological aspect, evidencing the need for assistance that integrates technical support with emotional welcoming. It is concluded that the strengthening of support networks and the qualification of early diagnosis are fundamental to improving the quality of life and prognosis of this population, reaffirming the importance of care that respects the dignity and singularity of the elderly in the illness process.