A cobertura com palha pode minimizar a compactação do solo ocasionada pelo tráfego de máquinas agrícolas?

Abstract

Soil compaction in agricultural areas has intensified in recent years due to intensive activity of land use being identified as a problem, especially in areas with clay soils. Compression is mainly caused by the traffic of large and heavy machinery without considering the appropriate ranges of soil moisture for the operations in the field. The straw on the soil surface by creating a physical barrier between the tire and the ground the machine can be a minimization of the compression factor. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of oat straw surface in reducing soil compaction caused by the shot of a tractor in different management systems. For solarization the experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications, where the main factor was rated the residue amounts (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 Mg ha-1) arranged on the ground, and the factor secondary preparation system and soil management (tillage and scarification). The evaluations performed after the traffic with tractor were soil moisture, resistance to penetration, collection of undisturbed samples for density analysis, total porosity and soil hydraulic conductivity in the trafficked area and soil moisture assessment. The surface straw exercised insufficient protective effect in the soil to avoid compaction during the tractor traffic and soil chiseling provided greater susceptibility to compaction.