O ensino de ciências da natureza no ensino fundamental nas escolas públicas estaduais do/no campo do município de Erechim/RS

Abstract

The present research aims to present and analyze how the teaching of Natural Sciences in elementary education is developed in state public schools of basic education in the field in the municipality of Erechim / RS. The methodological approach developed was qualitative of an exploratory nature. Data were collected through structured questionnaire interviews recorded with three teachers from three schools in the field. The results showed that the teaching of science is based on the transmission to the students of the knowledge and concepts ready from the textbook. Teachers who work in the rural schools do not have specific training to work in teaching science. Only one teacher presents such training, but he states that in his training he did not work in the field perspective or the young man's encouragement to remain in the field. Another important fact is that teachers had at most a qualification after initial training. Therefore, teachers did not have the opportunity to maintain a constant training process. Even though everyone has a lot of goodwill in their teaching work, they lack a correct understanding of concepts and proposals such as interdisciplinarity, education in the field and agroecology. The teaching of science is developed without considering the previous knowledge of the students, neither the context and the particularities they are experienced are considered and that could add to the appreciation of their culture and identity. Thus, what happens in the rural schools is a teaching geared to technical training, uncritical and that understands the field as a place of people backward and without a future perspective. These results show the need to search for alternatives to approach teaching, for example through interdisciplinarity, in which science subjects can be worked in formative moments, awakening the teacher and students a critical view.