A formação da terra indígena Toldo Pinhal nos anos 1980 e 1990

Abstract

The aim of this text is to analyze and discuss the land reclamation movement and the formation of Indigenous Land named Toldo Pinhal, located the city of Seara – Santa Catarina, as well to point the disputes generated by the interests of different groups in the process of demarcation of the Land. Besides it, understand the image of João Maria Rodrigues, the “Cacique Teimoso”, important personage that throughout the 1980’s started the movement of reclamation of the land. These lands, after a lot of contests, conflicts and difficulties were released to indigenous people in 1994. However, through the indemnification process and withdrawal of the settlers, they have only occupied it in 1998. To accomplish the work, I utilize bibliographic research, study of documents acquired from the Fundação Nacional do Índio (FUNAI) and analysis of audiovisual resources of short film, in three documentaries. Herdeiros da Teimosia, a retomada do Toldo Pinhal pelo povo Kaingang (Alessandra Schmitt, Ana Carolina Dionísio e Sandra Alves), Toldo Pinhal (Chico Faganello e Franco Ferrioli) and O Voo Solitário (Chico Faganello e Franco Ferrioli). Furthermore makes part of this research to identify / to analyze the several discourses that embrace this process and still realize how the memory of kaingang people gained strength to be seen as an ally in the construction of the arguments favorable to the indigenous people on the liberation of the territory. However, it is perceived that the way in which the land reclamation was made explicit the will of insertion of the indigenous people in the society, the desire of acceptance of their culture through their habits and customs without prejudices and bad judgments, making possible the acceptance of the vestiges left by the ancient indigenous population in the territory belonging to the West region of Santa Catarina.