A construção e a desconstrução de Fernando Affonso Collor de Mello a partir da revista Veja (1989-1992)

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the publications of Veja Magazine in the period between 1989 and 1992, the period prior to the election that would put Fernando Collor in the presidency of Brazil until his impeachment at the end of 1992, comparing the speech of the newspaper that exalted him before and during the elections, and later attacked him, mainly after his brother's denunciation of the newspaper in 1992. In addition to the analysis of this source, there is also a theoretical discussion covering specters of Political History, with the main contribution René Rémond. It also discusses the use of periodicals as a source, what care we should have, how to approach, how to remain impartial in the speeches brought, etc. As the press began to grow as a source of information in Brazil, we have since then a scenario where large media corporations are formed, one of them being Editora Abril, which holds Veja Magazine. This newspaper has always put political issues above the others in its coverage, being a magazine that is dedicated to bring facts and opinions about what the political scene. The construction of the journal as a subject and the growth of its credibility in relation to its subscribers and the population in general, makes the journal also become an opinion maker, and from these speeches brought by Veja in the event in question that this work is scheduled , in the construction of speeches, in the publication of headlines, in political choices, etc. Finally, analyzing this political situation that elevated Collor to the presidency and withdrew it in 1992, also constitutes an analysis of the power that the press in Brazil happens to have, mainly in the political aspects, being the press the main voice of the Congress towards the voters, where by having good credibility vis-à-vis their subscribers and the general population, such facts are seen as "mere truths." Therefore, analyzing the speeches brought by the Revista Veja before and during the Collor government, and the differences brought about in these discourses it is vitally important to understand the political conjuncture of the time, and what are the consequences that such speeches brought by the print media may or may not shape changes in the national political scene.