Promoção do crescimento de soja a partir da inoculação de sementes com microrganismos não noduladores

Abstract

The protector microorganisms of growth act directly, providing to the plants the growth or as agents of biological control of phytopathogen. The benefits provided by the usage of those agents are demonstrated in studies for its great agronomic potential and its positive effects on physiological and morphological changes of vegetables, increasing the productivity. Aiming to verify these potential, the following study works toward to evaluate the germination efficiency and the growth promotion of soybean plants through seeds inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense, Trichoderma asperellum, Bacillus spp., and its combinations, Azospirillum brasilense + Trichoderma asperellum, Azospirillum brasilense + Bacillus spp., Trichoderma asperellum + Bacillus spp. and evidence. The experiment was conducted between the months of 2016 November to 2017 April at the experimental area from Fronteira Sul Federal University (UFFS), Cerro Largo/RS campus. The experimental design was a randomized block design (RBD) with seven treatments and four repetitions, totalizing 28 treatments. Each row was elaborated with 5 meters of length and 3 of width, obtaining an 15 m 2 dimension. Evaluations of the agronomic characters were made during the culture development through the emergence speed index (ESI), average height of plants, stem diameter, distance between internodes and productive nodes amount of each plant and height of the first pod insertion. In addition, the number of pods, grains per pod and per soybean plant were measured and data regarding to the productivity such as a thousand grains’ weight and the production in kg ha -1 . It was possible to conclude that the inoculation with microorganisms on soybean seeds induced the grain production, especially with the Bacillus spp. bacterium, that demonstrated more efficiency in the analyzed variables, but mostly because of its highest productivity when compared with other inoculations. However, some agronomic variables did not showed differences on the treatments due to its resemblance with the plants genetic characteristics, such as stem diameter and number of grains per pod of soybean plants.