Estudo comparativo entre sistemas de manejo de pastagens: Pastoreio Racional Voisin e convencional

Abstract

The increase of the world population creates a scale in the demand of food that previously was non-existent in the history of the humanity. The trend of demand for biological quality food demonstrates growing concern about the "ethical quality" of food. The conventional system of milk and meat production proved to be inefficient to produce quality food and protect its productive bases. In this context, Voisin Rational Grazing - PRV - is characterized as a fundamental tool that allows the production of meat and milk efficiently. The objective of this work was to perform a comparative study between the conventional system of pasture management (continuous grazing) and the PRV system, and its different responses regarding dry matter production and botanical composition of the pasture. Two productive units located in the municipality of Nova Andradina - MS were studied. To determine MS production, the Comparative Yield method was used. To estimate the botanical composition, the Stepped Dry Weight method was used. Field data were collected in August 2017. The SPRV presented an approximate forage accumulation of 2,589.48 kg DM per hectare, while SCON presented an accumulation of 829.63 kg DM per hectare. In the Botanical Composition method, the species identified in the field were: Brachiaria humidicola, Paspalum notatum, Memora peregrina, Stylosanthes spp. and Sida rhombifolia. S. rhombifolia was identified only in SCON. The results indicate that the management of PRV pasture contributes to a greater accumulation of pasture when compared to intensive grazing, with a higher yield of dry matter per area. The botanical composition was similar in both systems, varying only the percentage of occupation of the species.