Efeito de extratos vegetais e alteração do meio físico no cultivo do morangueiro em sistema semi-hidropônico na presença de Bradysia sp.

Abstract

The larvae of Bradysia sp. cause direct and indirect damage to the roots, leading to plant necrosis. Due to a food, environmental and sanitary concern of the population in general, the search for alternative controls without the use of pesticides, or with the minimum application, is growing among strawberry producers. The use of plant extracts would bring an effective alternative, or only the substrate change, making it less attractive for insect oviposition, since low humidity environments are avoided by such an insect. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological aspects of strawberry cultivar "Camarosa" submitted to different treatments with vegetal extracts and modification of the substrate, with the addition of physical media. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located in the Experimental Area of the Frontier South Federal University, Campus Cerro Largo. The design was DIC, consisting of three vegetable extracts, Timbó (Derris sp), Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Smoke on rope, and three physical controls, sand, diatomaceous earth and ground rice husk, being evaluated separately. The parameters evaluated were aerial part and root, crown diameter, plant height, leaf and radicular area, green mass and dry mass of shoot and root and root depth. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared using the Duncan test at the 5% level. In the conditions of the experiment, in the evaluations performed with addition of physical medium, the control was highlighted with the best means, differentiating statistically from the other treatments. The evaluations carried out with the addition of plant extracts also showed a higher mean, in relation to plant height, DM and MV of shoot and root and root depth, but did not differ statistically from the other treatments. In relation to the leaf area, the control and the extract of neem obtained the best means and did not differ statistically, to the radicular area the control obtained the best average, not statistically differing of the extract of neem and timbó, being the extract of smoke in rope got the worst average.