Resposta da fisális (Physalis peruviana L.) a inoculação e coinoculação de microrganismos promotores de crescimento de plantas

Abstract

Physalis peruviana is a perennial shrub, with an undetermined type of growth, native to the Andean countries and belonging to the Solanaceae family (the same family of tomatoes, peppers and potatoes). For the management of physalis the cultural treatments of tomato are used as technical recommendation. The physalis (read fisalis) next to the strawberry, blueberry and raspberry are part of the group of small fruits that have become an alternative for medium and small property, but mainly for family and peasant agriculture. Because it is a fruit with rustic characteristics and it is easier to make a management more focused on agroecological production, it has high added value in its in natura product due to the high demand of labor. Growth promoters are recognized for stimulating the plant development of plants by colonizing the roots and increasing the efficiency of nutrient absorption. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of P. peruviana with inoculation and co-inoculation of plant growth promoting microorganisms (MPCP). The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Fronteira Sul Federal University, Campus Cerro Largo. A randomized block design (DBC) Azospirillum, Bacillus and Trichoderma. A randomized complete block design was used with eight treatments (T1: Witness, T2: Azospirillum, T3: Bacillus, T4: Trichoderma, T5: Trichoderma + Bacillus, T6: Trichoderma + Azospirrilum, T7: Bacillus + Azospirrilum; 8: Trichderma + Bacillus + Azospirillum), with three replicates per block, in the total of four blocks. Spacing of 1.25m between plants and 1m between rows. The evaluations were: shoot height (APA), chlorophyll index (CI), mean fruit mass (MMF), fruit stature with values expressed as hue angle, fresh shoot biomass (BFPA) and dry biomass (BSPA). The B + A and A + T co-inoculations resulted in an increase in the relative indexes of chlorophyll Chl a, and the co-loculation T + A + B increased the total Chl chlorophyll index. For the variables of plant height (APA), fresh shoot biomass (BFPA) and shoot dry biomass (BSPA), mean fruit mass (MMF) for treatments with plant growth promoting microorganisms (MPCP) tested do not differ significantly from the control and from each other. For the variable ºhue, the treatment with T. asperellum showed the highest averages (82.0 ± 0.86), differing statistically from the treatments with individual inoculation of A. brasilense (75.7 ± 0.82), B. amyloliquefaciens (76.0 ± 0.30) and the co-inoculation of T. asperellum + B. amyloliquefaciens (75.6 ± 0.45).