Propagação de oliveira através de diferentes substratos e indutores de enraizamento

Abstract

The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a species of world farming with emphasis on pharmaceutical production, culinary use and development of cosmetics. There are more than 500 hectares of olive trees cultivated in Brazil with production ranging from Rio Grande do Sul to the States of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. In the region of Chapecó its cultivation has been tested for the production of olive oil and olive, seen as new cost economic alternative for farmers. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of substrates associated with different solutions on rooting of olive cuttings. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial arrangement scheme 4 x 3, where olive branches collected from cultivating Pendolino. Segmentations was carried out in small softwood cuttings with a length of 7.5 cm (three gems), a standardized average diameter of 2 mm. Conducted two superficial injuries in the basal part of small cuttings and subsequently subjected to immersion of 10 seconds in rooting inducers: AIB 4000 mg.L-1, Cyperus rotundus extract, corn extract and cow urine. The substrates tested were: vermiculite-VE, carbonized rice husk-CA and vermiculite carbonized rice husk + 1: 1, v/v after the period of 120 days, the following variables were evaluated: number and length of roots, number and length of shoots by cuttings, number of persistent leaves and percentages of rooted cuttings. It was observed that the AIB inductor provided the best answers in the variables evaluated for vermiculite substrate and carbonized rice husk. Already the inductors based on cow urine and sedge extract showed lower results mainly associated with carbonized rice husk.The use of extract of maize and cow urine associated with vermiculite, although still incipient, but provided good rooting percentage (60%) similar to the synthetic inducer (AIB).