Intervalo de tráfego de máquinas após a precipitação: efeitos físicos do solo e no desenvolvimento da soja

Abstract

With the increasing modernization of agriculture and the search for greater productivity, the process of compaction of the soil, caused by the traffic of machines, is a limiting factor to obtain higher agricultural productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of machine traffic (24, 48 and 72 hours after precipitation) on the physical properties of the soil under direct seeding system (SSD), an experiment at the Federal University of Southern Frontier (UFFS) - Campus Laranjeiras do Sul-PR, where a red dystroferric LATOSOLO was used as substrate. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of soil compaction caused by machine traffic at different times after precipitation and its effect on soybean growth and yield in SSD. The variables considered were: (i) soil physical evaluation: soil density, particle density, gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, total porosity, aeration porosity and resistance to penetration, ii) Soil: aerial dry mass (MSA), root dry mass (MSR), total dry mass (MST) plant height (ALT) and root system length (CR). The time of 72 hours after precipitation was the most suitable for the traffic of machines in soils with direct seeding system to reduce physical damage, that is, less compaction to the soil and to guarantee a better development of the plants of the soybean crop and radicular) Key words: System of direct seeding, precipitation, soil physics.