Pulverização pneumática eletrostática com tratamento fúngico no cultivo de videira comum em Laranjeiras do Sul / PR

Abstract

The cultivation of vine and target of several pathogenic agents, when they occur, harm the plant, causing damages that directly interfere in its production and fruit quality. For fungus control, it can usually be made based on synthetic fungicides and can cause problems of pathogen resistance, phytotoxicity and environmental pollution, so research has been testing methods to replace or reduce the volume of pesticides sprayed, such as electrostatic spraying, an efficient process for spraying, in which as droplets are electrified and do not change trajectory between the sprayer and the target. The objective of this work was to verify the effect of electrostatic pneumatic spraying in Niagara Branca and Rosada grapevines in Laranjeiras do Sul/PR. Fungicide treatment with pesticides of conventional use in two common vine cultivars (Niagara Branca and Niagara Rosada), the treatment applied to the plants in addition to the induction system. The application volume (mL), shoot deposition (%), disease severity in plants and bunches, number of bunches per plant and bunches with lesions per plant, number of berries per cluster, length and diameter of cluster (mm), fresh mass (g), soluble solids (°Brix), titratable acidity (% citric acid), ratio of SS/AT, fruit epidermis coloration (o Hue), total phenolic compounds (mg 100g-1), total anthocyanins (mg 100g-1), loss of mass (%) and determination of appearance. The experimental design was a completely randomized block design for field variables and physical-chemical and phytochemical characterization of fruits (2x2), a factor load (presence and absence) and another Niagara cultivar (Branca and Rosada). As the variable is the mass loss and the determination of the appearance or the factorial scheme was followed 2x2x5, being a factor load (presence and absence), Niagara cultivar and storage period (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days). Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), when significant, to the means comparison test, using the Tukey method at 5% of significance using the Assistat statistical software. Different cultivars showed affected fruit mass in different ways, such as fruit appearance, according to storage periods. The presence of positively upgraded spray applied to an epidermis heart and cache length in 'Niagara Branca' also promoted a higher anthocyanin content and resulted in a lower volume of syrup applied with it, so an electrostatic spray showed effecty in application.