Caracterização e comparação físico-hídrica de solos de encosta com pastagem e lavoura de plantio direto no Município de Mariano Moro - RS

Abstract

Brazil is one of the main countries in the world with regard to agricultural production, and more recently, aspects related to the sustainability of production systems have been given greater relevance. In Rio Grande do Sul, the State Program for Soil and Water Conservation is developed, and the campaign for soil and water conservation in Alto Uruguai Gaúcho is developed concurrently. Thus, in addition to the objectives of the state program and the regional campaign, this work aimed to characterize the physical-water aspects of hillside soils in the municipality of Mariano Moro, in the Upper Uruguay River region. Soils used with pasture and crop were selected in no - tillage using terraces. Soil and soil particle density, soil water retention curve, total porosity, volume of macropores, micropores and cryptopores, moisture in the field capacity, moisture at the permanent wilting point, total availability of soil water and soil hydraulic conductivity. Soil characteristics were not influenced by the use, either crop or pasture, in the more superficial depth in the cropping soil favored the presence of cryptopores and caused the PMP elevation.