Imaginário na constituição do discurso: sentidos produzidos sobre o sujeito indígena em documentos oficiais

Abstract

The aim of this dissertation is to understand the imaginary in the constitution of the discourse analyzing effects of senses produced on the indigenous subject in official documents. The file of this research was constituted by the legislation CNE/CEB nº 14, from 19 of September and by the Resolution CEB nº 3, from 10 of November of 1999; those are about the National Curricular Guidelines for Indigenous School Education. The methodological procedures that conducted us in achieving the objective were based on the description of the materials that compose the corpus; in the examination/check of the production conditions of the documents; in the conception of the imaginary articulating Discourse Analysis and psychoanalysis; in the discussion of the trace of the course of historicity that constitute the documents; in the analysis of the discourse “about” and in the paraphasic operation present at the discourse in the constitution of the imaginary about the indigenous subject; in the interpretation of the regularities and dispersions of the official discourse about the indigenous subject and in the problematization that this imaginary about this indigenous subject is produced at the official documents. We had as a research hypothesis that the regularity of the linguistic marks those emerge in the discourse on the indigenous subject, repeating the past to confirm the present, generated a tension between memory and actuality, between the constitution of the imaginary on the indigenous subject in the past and the constitution in the present. Therefore, we theorized that the interdiscursive schemes of repeatability (EIRs) - used to refute the past and stabilize the present -, in the discourse “about”, by creating a place for this policy and an imaginary place of indigenous subject, produce a space of tension, generating resonances in relation to the imaginary and, subsequently, in relation to the constitution of the indigenous subject. Emphasizing that we adopt the discursive perspective of French orientation in interface with psychoanalysis, comprehending the subject person split, cleaved and barred by language and works with the sense effects, revealing that both discourse and a subject person are incomplete. From the concept of imaginary and analysis we understand that in the State discourse there is an (imaginary) approximation with an indigenous (imaginary) subject, producing, by the effect of the imaginary, numerous mixed images and making the indigenous subject have no place, but several. The real of the language, the real of the history and the real of the subject person signaled that it was by the imaginary that an indigenous subject was constituted that is an indefinite mixture, an "between", a "belongs / no / belongs." So, between the same and the different, between the old and the new, between their language and the national language, between cultures, between relationships, between impositions. Documents produce an imaginary about the indigenous subject who is neither one nor the other; it is neither the same nor different. It is not an indigenous subject, but it is not a nonindigenous subject either. A subject person who has been, since colonization, in an eternal process of conversion, since in the past the church converted them, in the present he has been converted to a full man. Moreover, if he is not complete, he is not worthy.